Elimination was due to having missed two evaluation days, disease, or injuries during the intervention. The criteria for exclusion included the following aspects: chronic muscular skeletal diseases, physical inability or disability, medical prescription, pregnancy, and unsigned permissions. The parents of the students were dutifully informed about the purpose and protocol of the research and everybody gave their permission. The intervention was carried out for all semesters, both genders and both shifts, morning and evening of the schools. The objective of this study was to determine if overweight, obesity, and fat percentage, as well as age and gender, have an influence on physical fitness, is evaluated with the components of the modified and extended EUROFIT and ALPHA-FITNESS battery tests. Thus, clinic monitoring is of the utmost importance in order to diagnose overweight and obesity in time and so that we are able to avoid problems such as health costs, inability and physical disability, and premature death (years potentially lost) so promoting a healthy and productive population that modifies future habits and passes on this knowledge to future generation is urgent. According to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OCDE 2010) Mexico is the first place in the world in overweight (30%) and the second in obesity (24%).Īccording to the Mexican Observatory of Noncommunicable Diseases (OMENT 2015, for its initials in Spanish), 32% of the population in the State of Mexico are overweight, and 20% have obesity problems, which predisposes this population to diseases such as diabetes mellitus type I (8% of the population older than 10 years), diabetes mellitus type II (73.4 deaths for every 100 thousand inhabitants), hypertension (17% of the population over 20 years old), and acute myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular events (13.9 deaths every 100 thousand inhabitants).ĭespite the fact that chronic diseases and cardiovascular accidents happen after the fifth decade of life, scientific evidence indicates that the origins of a cardiovascular disease can be found in childhood and adolescence.
There is a shortage of similar studies in Mexico, especially those whose subjects are kids or teenagers, which raises the need for such studies in order to understand the Mexican situation, for this country is suffering the consequences of an epidemiological transition to chronic degenerative diseases.
Personal data taken from the Feeding and Valuation of Teenagers Nutritional Status (AVENA) describe that the Spanish teenager population has excessively low physical fitness in comparison to teenagers from other countries. Such research outlines the importance of the components and parameters of physical fitness and its relation to health.
There are plenty of studies which have measured the level of physical fitness in teenagers, among which are the following: European Fitness Test Battery (EUROFIT), Actividad Física y Salud del Instituto Nacional de Educación Física de Cataluña (AFISAL-INEFC), and one of the latest Assessing Levels of Physical Activity and Fitness at population level (ALPHA-FITNESS). It is argued that physical inactivity that starts at school tends to continue until adulthood and that low physical fitness in kids and teenagers is a risk factor for future development of cardiovascular diseases at later stages in life. In Latin-American countries, only 15% of the 5–17-year-olds fulfil the everyday physical activity requirements (PA), which represents a public health issue as far as nontransmissible chronic diseases in young population are concerned. However, this figure reaches 30% in Latin America. Overweight/obesity affects 10% of students globally. Low physical fitness (PF) and physical inactivity (PI) have been on the increase at schools in the last five decades. Such functions are musculoskeletal, cardiorespiratory, haematocirculatory, endocrine-metabolic, and psychoneurological. It is also regarded as an integrative measure of most of the functions and structures that take part when doing exercise or any physical activity.
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Physical fitness is defined as the capability of an individual to carry out their everyday activities without excessive fatigue and with enough spare energy to enjoy their free time and to solve unusual situations.
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